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作者：张华 发表于：2015-12-09版权声明：可以任意转载，转载时请务必以超链接形式标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本版权声明(http://blog.csdn.net/quqi99 )neutron vrrp ha still do not support conntrack feature now.1, Setting up test environment# bzr branch lp:~openstack-charmers/+junk/openstack-charm-testingjuju destroy-environment --force zhhuabjjuju switch zhhuabj && juju bootstrapjuju-deployer -c ./next.yaml -d trusty-kilojuju add-unit neutron-gatewayjuju set neutron-api overlay-network-type=vxlanjuju set neutron-api l2-population=false enable-l3ha=true./configure #edit script to use vxlansource ./novarcneutron net-list && neutron router-listnova boot --image trusty --nic net-id=98e10e32-13eb-48ee-b265-4ae0e449b6e5 --flavor 2 i1nova secgroup-add-rule default icmp -1 -1 0.0.0.0/0nova secgroup-add-rule default tcp 22 22 0.0.0.0/0nova floating-ip-createnova floating-ip-associate i1 10.5.150.1Some important configurations in neutron.conf are as below:l3_ha = Truemax_l3_agents_per_router = 2min_l3_agents_per_router = 2allow_automatic_l3agent_failover = False2, Future Work & Limitationshttp://assafmuller.com/2014/08/16/layer-3-high-availability/http://blog.aaronorosen.com/implementing-high-availability-instances-with-neutron-using-vrrp/TCP connection tracking – With the current implementation, TCP sessions are broken on failover. The idea is to use conntrackd in order to replicate the session states across HA routers, so that when the failover finishes, TCP sessions will continue where they left off.Where is the master instance hosted? As it is now it is impossible for the admin to know which network node is hosting the master instance of a HA router. The plan is for the agents to report this information and for the server to expose it via the API.Evacuating an agent – Ideally bringing down a node for maintenance should cause all of the HA router instances on said node to relinquish their master states, speeding up the failover process.Notifying L2pop of VIP movements – Consider the IP/MAC of the router on a tenant network. Only the master instance will actually have the IP configured, but the same Neutron port and same MAC will show up on all participating network nodes. This might have adverse effects on the L2pop mechanism driver, as it expects a MAC address in a single location in the network. The plan to solve this deficiency is to send an RPC message from the agent whenever it detects a VRRP state change, so that when a router becomes the master, the controller is notified, which can then update the L2pop state.FW, VPN and LB as a service integration. Both DVR and L3 HA have issues integrating with the advanced services, and a more serious look will be taken during the Kilo cycle.One HA network per tenant. This implies a limit of 255 HA routers per tenant, as each router takes up a VRID, and the VRRP protocol allows 255 distinct VRID values in a single broadcast domain.3, Test steps and dataubuntu@zhhuabj-bastion:~/openstack-charm-testing$ neutron net-list+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+| id | name | subnets |+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+| 70773c83-08fe-4efe-b601-4f04522d867f | ext_net | 6aed68fb-be4a-4a33-b53e-c2b742ac9985 10.5.0.0/16 || 98e10e32-13eb-48ee-b265-4ae0e449b6e5 | private | b6afcd08-f3b6-4224-a125-3befa4b34a63 192.168.21.0/24 || bc699825-19e1-4bf6-a0cf-fe90251ad391 | HA network tenant b31bb0f325fd4ec291a5a65d3dc11a63 | 20173269-0eb4-4f3f-9557-807c69f6e258 169.254.192.0/18 |+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+ubuntu@zhhuabj-bastion:~/openstack-charm-testing$ neutron router-list+--------------------------------------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| id | name | external_gateway_info |+--------------------------------------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 | provider-router | {"network_id": "70773c83-08fe-4efe-b601-4f04522d867f", "enable_snat": true, "external_fixed_ips": [{"subnet_id": "6aed68fb-be4a-4a33-b53e-c2b742ac9985", "ip_address": "10.5.150.0"}]} |+--------------------------------------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ubuntu@zhhuabj-bastion:~/neutron-gateway-ha$ neutron l3-agent-list-hosting-router provider-router+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+----------------+-------+| id | host | admin_state_up | alive |+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+----------------+-------+| 99ca5ee5-33b6-43da-86e2-df1f16fbd7cb | juju-zhhuabj-machine-23 | True | :-) || c95e33d5-b080-458c-8adb-d15bafc16bfb | juju-zhhuabj-machine-12 | True | :-) |+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+----------------+-------+ubuntu@zhhuabj-bastion:~/openstack-charm-testing$ nova list+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------------------------------+| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------------------------------+| ebfe6140-580c-43dd-b582-5e708eba58d8 | i1 | ACTIVE | - | Running | private=192.168.21.5, 10.5.150.1 |+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------------------------------+ubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-12:~$ sudo ip netns exec qrouter-dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 ip addr show2: ha-786d2e2f-a8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:f5:c4:16 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 169.254.192.2/18 brd 169.254.255.255 scope global ha-786d2e2f-a8valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet 169.254.0.1/24 scope global ha-786d2e2f-a8valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fef5:c416/64 scope linkvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever3: qr-de8b99fa-7c: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:9f:a3:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.21.1/24 scope global qr-de8b99fa-7cvalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe9f:a31b/64 scope linkvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever4: qg-aeb51a1d-32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:13:a9:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 10.5.150.0/16 scope global qg-aeb51a1d-32valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet 10.5.150.1/32 scope global qg-aeb51a1d-32valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe13:a924/64 scope linkvalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-23:~$ sudo ip netns exec qrouter-dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 ip addr show2: ha-37f7144e-02: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:04:b4:ce brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 169.254.192.1/18 brd 169.254.255.255 scope global ha-37f7144e-02valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe04:b4ce/64 scope linkvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever3: qr-de8b99fa-7c: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:9f:a3:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff4: qg-aeb51a1d-32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:13:a9:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-12:~$ sudo ip netns exec qrouter-dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 route -nKernel IP routing tableDestination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface0.0.0.0 10.5.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 qg-aeb51a1d-3210.5.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 qg-aeb51a1d-32169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 ha-786d2e2f-a8169.254.192.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.192.0 U 0 0 0 ha-786d2e2f-a8192.168.21.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 qr-de8b99fa-7cubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-23:~$ sudo ip netns exec qrouter-dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 route -nKernel IP routing tableDestination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface169.254.192.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.192.0 U 0 0 0 ha-37f7144e-02ubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-12:~$ ps -ef|grep haroot 71 2 0 06:55 ? 00:00:00 [charger_manager]neutron 5597 1 0 08:14 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/neutron-keepalived-state-change --router_id=dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 --namespace=qrouter-dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 --conf_dir=/var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 --monitor_interface=ha-786d2e2f-a8 --monitor_cidr=169.254.0.1/24 --pid_file=/var/lib/neutron/external/pids/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7.monitor.pid --state_path=/var/lib/neutron --user=108 --group=112root 5649 1 0 08:14 ? 00:00:00 keepalived -P -f /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7/keepalived.conf -p /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7.pid -r /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7.pid-vrrproot 11780 5649 0 09:02 ? 00:00:00 keepalived -P -f /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7/keepalived.conf -p /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7.pid -r /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7.pid-vrrpubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-23:~$ ps -ef |grep haroot 71 2 0 07:09 ? 00:00:00 [charger_manager]root 6060 32207 0 09:02 ? 00:00:00 keepalived -P -f /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7/keepalived.conf -p /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7.pid -r /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7.pid-vrrpneutron 32142 1 0 08:14 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/neutron-keepalived-state-change --router_id=dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 --namespace=qrouter-dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 --conf_dir=/var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 --monitor_interface=ha-37f7144e-02 --monitor_cidr=169.254.0.1/24 --pid_file=/var/lib/neutron/external/pids/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7.monitor.pid --state_path=/var/lib/neutron --user=108 --group=112root 32207 1 0 08:14 ? 00:00:00 keepalived -P -f /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7/keepalived.conf -p /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7.pid -r /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7.pid-vrrpubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-12:~$ sudo cat /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7/statemasterubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-12:~$ sudo cat /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7/keepalived.confvrrp_instance VR_1 {state BACKUPinterface ha-786d2e2f-a8virtual_router_id 1priority 50garp_master_repeat 5garp_master_refresh 10nopreemptadvert_int 2track_interface {ha-786d2e2f-a8}virtual_ipaddress {169.254.0.1/24 dev ha-786d2e2f-a8}virtual_ipaddress_excluded {10.5.150.0/16 dev qg-aeb51a1d-3210.5.150.1/32 dev qg-aeb51a1d-32192.168.21.1/24 dev qr-de8b99fa-7cfe80::f816:3eff:fe13:a924/64 dev qg-aeb51a1d-32 scope linkfe80::f816:3eff:fe9f:a31b/64 dev qr-de8b99fa-7c scope link}virtual_routes {0.0.0.0/0 via 10.5.0.1 dev qg-aeb51a1d-32}}ubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-23:~$ sudo cat /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7/statebackupubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-23:~$ sudo cat /var/lib/neutron/ha_confs/dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7/keepalived.confvrrp_instance VR_1 {state BACKUPinterface ha-37f7144e-02virtual_router_id 1priority 50garp_master_repeat 5garp_master_refresh 10nopreemptadvert_int 2track_interface {ha-37f7144e-02}virtual_ipaddress {169.254.0.1/24 dev ha-37f7144e-02}virtual_ipaddress_excluded {10.5.150.0/16 dev qg-aeb51a1d-3210.5.150.1/32 dev qg-aeb51a1d-32192.168.21.1/24 dev qr-de8b99fa-7cfe80::f816:3eff:fe13:a924/64 dev qg-aeb51a1d-32 scope linkfe80::f816:3eff:fe9f:a31b/64 dev qr-de8b99fa-7c scope link}virtual_routes {0.0.0.0/0 via 10.5.0.1 dev qg-aeb51a1d-32}}ubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-12:~$ sudo ip netns exec qrouter-dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 ifconfig ha-786d2e2f-a8 downubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-12:~$ sudo ip netns exec qrouter-dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 ip addr show1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group defaultlink/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope hostvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: ha-786d2e2f-a8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:f5:c4:16 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 169.254.192.2/18 brd 169.254.255.255 scope global ha-786d2e2f-a8valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever3: qr-de8b99fa-7c: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:9f:a3:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff4: qg-aeb51a1d-32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:13:a9:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-23:~$ sudo ip netns exec qrouter-dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 ip addr show1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group defaultlink/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope hostvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: ha-37f7144e-02: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:04:b4:ce brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 169.254.192.1/18 brd 169.254.255.255 scope global ha-37f7144e-02valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet 169.254.0.1/24 scope global ha-37f7144e-02valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe04:b4ce/64 scope linkvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever3: qr-de8b99fa-7c: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:9f:a3:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.21.1/24 scope global qr-de8b99fa-7cvalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe9f:a31b/64 scope linkvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever4: qg-aeb51a1d-32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether fa:16:3e:13:a9:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 10.5.150.0/16 scope global qg-aeb51a1d-32valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet 10.5.150.1/32 scope global qg-aeb51a1d-32valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe13:a924/64 scope linkvalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverubuntu@zhhuabj-bastion:~/neutron-gateway-ha$ ping 10.5.150.1PING 10.5.150.1 (10.5.150.1) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from 10.5.150.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=5.00 ms64 bytes from 10.5.150.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=1.69 msubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-23:~$ sudo ip netns exec qrouter-dd74a4c6-8320-40d6-b3b1-232e578cb6c7 tcpdump -n -i ha-37f7144e-02tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decodelistening on ha-37f7144e-02, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes03:59:45.723931 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2003:59:47.724833 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2003:59:49.727033 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2003:59:51.726947 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2003:59:53.728466 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2003:59:55.730700 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2003:59:57.731620 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2003:59:59.733136 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:01.734053 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:03.734711 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:05.737778 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:07.737146 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:09.739794 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:11.739332 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:13.740744 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:15.742741 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:17.744151 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:19.745413 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:21.746639 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:23.748244 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:25.750017 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:27.751713 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:29.752460 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:31.753797 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:33.755248 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:35.757904 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:37.759372 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:39.760449 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:41.761482 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:43.762326 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:45.764282 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:47.763669 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:49.764741 IP 169.254.192.2 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:56.570867 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:00:58.572437 ARP, Request who-has 169.254.0.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 169.254.0.1, length 2804:00:58.572504 ARP, Request who-has 169.254.0.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 169.254.0.1, length 2804:00:58.572542 ARP, Request who-has 169.254.0.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 169.254.0.1, length 2804:00:58.572581 ARP, Request who-has 169.254.0.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 169.254.0.1, length 2804:00:58.572609 ARP, Request who-has 169.254.0.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 169.254.0.1, length 2804:00:58.572665 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:00.573412 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:02.574520 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:03.573747 ARP, Request who-has 169.254.0.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 169.254.0.1, length 2804:01:03.573850 ARP, Request who-has 169.254.0.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 169.254.0.1, length 2804:01:03.573898 ARP, Request who-has 169.254.0.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 169.254.0.1, length 2804:01:03.573948 ARP, Request who-has 169.254.0.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 169.254.0.1, length 2804:01:03.573993 ARP, Request who-has 169.254.0.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 169.254.0.1, length 2804:01:04.575330 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:06.576547 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:08.577765 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:10.578863 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:12.579946 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:14.581031 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:16.582120 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:18.583161 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:20.584254 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:22.585400 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:24.586493 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:26.587590 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:28.588677 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:30.589448 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:32.590557 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:34.591728 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:36.592887 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:38.594052 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:40.595402 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:42.596719 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:44.597883 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:46.599080 IP 169.254.192.1 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 1, prio 50, authtype none, intvl 2s, length 2004:01:48.600390 IP 169.2问题1：有时候在切换之后网络不通，原因为ubuntu 14.04上的keepalived 1.2.10有一个关于gratuitous ARP的bug，见： http://www.keepalived.org/changelog.html， 采用下列命令使用trustry-backports中的keepalived 1.2.13即可。$sudo apt-get update$sudo apt-get install keepalived=1:1.2.13-1~ubuntu14.04.1
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