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--stateSTATEʾÀý£º¼ÙÉè±¾»úÊÇһ̨web·þÎñÆ÷£¬Ö»¶ÔÍâÌṩweb·þÎñ¡£ÄÇô¾Í¿ÉÒÔ½øÐÐÈçÏÂÉèÖã¬ÈëÕ¾ÉèÖÃΪֻÔÊÐíн¨Á¬½ÓºÍÒѽ¨Á¢Á¬½ÓÈëÕ¾£¬³öÕ¾Ö»ÔÊÐíÒѽ¨Á¢Á¬½Ó³ö×°iptables-AINPUT-d172.16.4.100-ptcp-mmultiport--dports22,80-mstate--stateNEW,ESTABLISHED-jACCEPTiptables-AOUTPUT-s172.16.4.100-mstate--stateESTABLISHED-jACCEPTÁ¬½Ó×·×Ù¹¦ÄÜ£¬ÔÚ´ó²¢·¢µÄweb·þÎñÆ÷»òÕ߸ºÔؾùºâÆ÷ÉÏÃæ×îºÃ²»Òª¿ªÆô£¬·ñÔòÈç¹û³¬¹ýÁË×î´óÁ¬½ÓÊýÄ¿£¬»áÔì³É´óÁ¿Á¬½Ó³¬Ê±¡£µ÷ÕûÁ¬½Ó×·×Ù¹¦ÄÜËùÄÜÈÝÄɵÄÁ¬½ÓµÄ×î´óÊýÄ¿£¬¿ÉÒÔµ÷µ½ÈýÎå°ÙÍò[root@localhost~]#cat/proc/sys/net/nf_conntrack_max31384±íʾ¿ªÆôÁËÁ¬½Ó×·×Ù¹¦ÄÜ£¬¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃmodprobeжÔØ[root@localhost~]#lsmod|grepconntracknf_conntrack_ipv495062nf_defrag_ipv414831nf_conntrack_ipv4nf_conntrack803902nf_conntrack_ipv4,xt_state²é¿´µ±Ç°×·×ÙµÄËùÓÐÁ¬½Ó[root@localhost~]#cat/proc/net/nf_conntrackipv42tcp6299ESTABLISHEDsrc=172.16.4.100dst=172.16.4.10sport=22dport=49404src=172.16.4.10dst=172.16.4.100sport=49404dport=22[ASSURED]mark=0secmark=0use=2·ÅÐỶ¯Ä£Ê½ftpʾÀý£º·þÎñÆ÷¿ª·ÅÁËhttpºÍftp¶øÇÒÓÐÐèÒªÔ¶³Ì¹ÜÀí¡£ÄÇô¿ÉÒÔÕâÑùÉèÖ㬵ÚÒ»Ìõ¹æÔòÔÊÐíESTABLISHED£¨ÏìÓ¦ÇëÇó»òÒѽ¨Á¢Á¬½Ó£©ºÍRELATED£¨ÓëÒÑÓÐÁ¬½ÓÏà¹ØÁªÐÔ£©µÄÊý¾Ý³öÕ¾£¬µÚ¶þÌõÔòÊÇÉèÖÃÔÊÐíÐÂÁ¬½ÓÁ¬½Ó·þÎñÆ÷µÄ21£¬22£¬80¶Ë¿Ú¡£³öÕ¾ÉèÖÃESTABLISHEDºÍRELATED¡£Ä¬ÈϲßÂÔÈ«²¿ÎªDROP¡£ÕâÑù¾ÍÌá¸ßÁ˲éѯЧÂÊ×°ÔØftpÄ£¿é[root@localhost~]#modprobenf_conntrack_ftp[root@localhost~]#lsmod|grepnf_conntrack_ftpnf_conntrack_ftp129130nf_conntrack803901nf_conntrack_ftpÉèÖ÷À»ðǽ¹æÔòiptables-AINPUT-d172.16.4.100-ptcp-mstate--stateESTABLISHED,RELATED-jACCEPTiptables-AINPUT-d172.16.4.100-ptcp-mmultiport--destination-ports21,22,80-mstate--stateNEW-jACCEPTiptables-AOUTPUT-s172.16.4.100-mstate--stateRELATED,ESTABLISHED-jACCEPTÈçºÎ±£´æ¼°ÖØÔعæÔò£º ±£´æ£º (1)service iptables save /etc/sysconfig/iptablesÎļþ£» (2)iptables-save > /PATH/TO/SOMEFILE ÖØÔØ£º (1)service iptables reload (2)iptables-restore < /PATH/FROM/SOMEFILEʾÀý£º¹æÔò±£´æºÍÖØÔر£´æ¹æÔò[root@localhost~]#iptables-save>/root/iptables[root@localhost~]#catiptables#Generatedbyiptables-savev1.4.7onFriApr2417:09:232015*filter:INPUTDROP[302:26822]:FORWARDACCEPT[0:0]:OUTPUTDROP[18:1176]-AINPUT-d172.16.4.100/32-ptcp-mmultiport--dports22,80-mstate--stateNEW,ESTABLISHED-jACCEPT-AOUTPUT-s172.16.4.100/32-mstate--stateESTABLISHED-jACCEPTCOMMIT#CompletedonFriApr2417:09:232015Çå³ýËùÓÐIPTABLES¹æÔòÊÇ[root@localhost~]#serviceiptablesrestartÖØÔعæÔò[root@localhost~]#iptables-restoreiptables[root@localhost~]#iptables-L-n-vChainINPUT(policyDROP4packets,312bytes)pktsbytestargetprotoptinoutsourcedestination252132ACCEPTtcp--**0.0.0.0/0172.16.4.100multiportdports22,80stateNEW,ESTABLISHEDChainFORWARD(policyACCEPT0packets,0bytes)pktsbytestargetprotoptinoutsourcedestinationChainOUTPUT(policyDROP1packets,120bytes)pktsbytestargetprotoptinoutsourcedestination171784ACCEPTall--**172.16.4.1000.0.0.0/0stateESTABLISHED
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