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今天发布一篇对Linux系统的Ext4文件系统格式删除文件恢复的博文,希望对有些网友和计算机爱好都有帮助，在工作环境中也是很适用。不过我建议各位最好在系统中建一个目录专用于回收站，以免出现不必要的麻烦，废话少说，我们现在开始。1.安装软件(extundelete依赖于系统的e2fsprogs三个软件包)[root@redhat1home]#mkdir/mnt/cdrom--创建光盘挂载目录[root@redhat1home]#mount/dev/cdrom/mnt/cdrom--挂载光盘mount:blockdevice/dev/sr0iswrite-protected,mountingread-only[root@redhat1home]#vim/etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo--配置系统的本地源[base]name=basebaseurl=file:///mnt/cdromenabled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-REDHAT-6[root@redhat1home]#yuminstalle2fs*--安装extundelete软件的依赖包[root@redhat1home]#rpm-aq|grepe2fs--检查软件包是否安装e2fsprogs-devel-1.41.12-14.el6.i686e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.12-14.el6.i686e2fsprogs-1.41.12-14.el6.i686[root@redhat1home]#wgethttp://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/extundelete/extundelete/0.2.4/extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2--下载extundelete软件包[root@redhat1home]#tarxvfextundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2--解压软件包[root@redhat1home]#cdextundelete-0.2.4--进入软件包[[email protected]]#./configure--prefix=/usr/local/extundelete&&make&&makeinstall--安装软件[[email protected]]#ll/usr/local/|grepext--查看软件安装成功drwxr-xr-x.3rootroot4096Dec217:24extundelete[[email protected]]#2.创建块设备并挂载系统[root@redhat1home]#ddif=/dev/zeroof=123bs=1Mcount=100--在home目录下新建一个块设备123100+0recordsin100+0recordsout104857600bytes(105MB)copied,0.634943s,165MB/s[root@redhat1home]#mkfs.ext4123--格式化块设备mke2fs1.41.12(17-May-2010)123isnotablockspecialdevice.Proceedanyway?(y,n)y--输入y确定Filesystemlabel=OStype:LinuxBlocksize=1024(log=0)Fragmentsize=1024(log=0)Stride=0blocks,Stripewidth=0blocks25688inodes,102400blocks5120blocks(5.00%)reservedforthesuperuserFirstdatablock=1Maximumfilesystemblocks=6737100813blockgroups8192blockspergroup,8192fragmentspergroup1976inodespergroupSuperblockbackupsstoredonblocks:8193,24577,40961,57345,73729Writinginodetables:doneCreatingjournal(4096blocks):doneWritingsuperblocksandfilesystemaccountinginformation:doneThisfilesystemwillbeautomaticallycheckedevery27mountsor180days,whichevercomesfirst.Usetune2fs-cor-itooverride.[root@redhat1home]#mkdir/mnt/123--新建块设备挂载的目录[root@redhat1home]#mount123/mnt/123-oloop--将块设备123挂载到/mnt/123中[root@redhat1home]#df-TH--查看目录是否挂载FilesystemTypeSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedon/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_rootext420G3.8G16G20%/tmpfstmpfs262M0262M0%/dev/shm/dev/sda1ext4508M32M451M7%/bootdf:`/mnt/cdrom':Nosuchfileordirectory/dev/sr0iso96603.2G3.2G0100%/mnt/home/123ext4102M5.8M91M7%/mnt/123--设备已挂载3.添加和删除文件[root@redhat1home]#cp-a/etc/passwd/etc/shadow/etc/group/mnt/123/--将文件移动到设备中[root@redhat1~]#ll/mnt/123/--查看是否有文件total19-rw-r--r--.1rootroot712Dec214:39groupdrwx------.2rootroot12288Dec414:07lost+found-rw-r--r--.1rootroot1509Dec214:39passwd----------.1rootroot976Dec214:39shadow[root@redhat1home]#sync--文件同步一下[root@redhat1home]#rm-rf/mnt/123/passwd/mnt/123/shadow--删除文件[root@redhat1home]#sync--文件同步一下[root@redhat1home]#umount/mnt/123--卸载设备4.恢复刚才删除的文件cd/usr/local/extundelete/bin--进入软件目录[root@redhat1bin]#./extundelete--ls--inode2/home/123--查看块设备/home/123的文件详细信息./extundelete:unrecognizedoption'--ls'NOTICE:Extendedattributesarenotrestored.Loadingfilesystemmetadata...13groupsloaded.Group:0Contentsofinode2:0000|ed41000000040000fec69e5258c79e52|.A.........RX..R0010|58c79e52000000000000030002000000|X..R............0020|00000000050000001001000000000000|................0030|00000000000000000000000000000000|................0040|00000000000000000000000000000000|................0050|00000000000000000000000000000000|................0060|00000000000000000000000000000000|................0070|00000000000000000000000000000000|................InodeisAllocatedFilemode:16877Low16bitsofOwnerUid:0Sizeinbytes:1024Accesstime:1386137342Creationtime:1386137432Modificationtime:1386137432DeletionTime:0Low16bitsofGroupId:0Linkscount:3Blockscount:2Fileflags:0Fileversion(forNFS):0FileACL:0DirectoryACL:0Fragmentaddress:0Directblocks:272,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0Indirectblock:0Doubleindirectblock:0Tripleindirectblock:0Filename|Inodenumber|Deletedstatus.2..2lost+found11passwd12Deleted--Delete就是我们刚才删除的文件shadow13Deletedgroup14[root@redhat1bin]#./extundelete--restore-filepasswd/home/123--用文件名来恢复文件NOTICE:Extendedattributesarenotrestored.Loadingfilesystemmetadata...13groupsloaded.Loadingjournaldescriptors...27descriptorsloaded.Successfullyrestoredfilepasswd--恢复成功[root@redhat1bin]#./extundelete--restore-inode13/home/123--用节点号来恢复文件NOTICE:Extendedattributesarenotrestored.Loadingfilesystemmetadata...13groupsloaded.Loadingjournaldescriptors...27descriptorsloaded.[root@redhat1bin]#./extundelete--restore-all/home/123--恢复所有删除的文件NOTICE:Extendedattributesarenotrestored.Loadingfilesystemmetadata...13groupsloaded.Loadingjournaldescriptors...27descriptorsloaded.Searchingforrecoverableinodesindirectory/...2recoverableinodesfound.Lookingthroughthedirectorystructurefordeletedfiles...0recoverableinodesstilllost.[root@redhat1bin]#llRECOVERED_FILES/--查看所有恢复的文件total20drwxr-xr-x.2rootroot4096Dec316:21123-rw-r--r--.1rootroot976Dec414:18file.13-rw-r--r--.1rootroot1509Dec414:16passwd-rw-r--r--.1rootroot1509Dec414:20passwd.v1-rw-r--r--.1rootroot976Dec414:20shadow[root@redhat1bin]#！！！！！！好了大功告成，也祝大家成功
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